Ecosystem

Modern full-stack engineering is fundamentally about bringing a product concept to life by seamlessly integrating various technical systems. It helps to have a solid understanding of different components, their capabilities, and how they can be connected to build a cohesive and efficient architecture. This could mean designing a frontend experience that feels fluid and responsive—such as implementing real-time chat with streaming-like interactions—or orchestrating backend processes to handle long-running tasks like image generation. The key lies in knowing how to leverage each piece of the ecosystem to manifest the product vision effectively

To achieve this, a modern full-stack application relies on several key components, each playing a crucial role in the overall architecture. As illustrated in the diagram below, these components form the foundation of full-stack development. This paper will dedicate a chapter to each of them, exploring their roles, best practices, and how they fit into the broader full-stack engineering landscape.

Among all the components in the modern full-stack ecosystem, the Functions block is set to undergo the most significant evolution in the next five years. With AI systems becoming a core part of the application stack, full-stack engineering and product engineering can now leverage them more extensively and effectively than ever before.

This paper will explore each component of the ecosystem in depth, dedicating a chapter to every key block and its role in modern full-stack engineering.